morteza arefi; Mohammad Jafar Habibzadeh; Jalil Omidi; Mohammad Farajiha
Abstract
Realization of social justice is one of the obligations of states. The government promises to citizenships to realize it. Reduction of inequality, income inequality and creation of equal opportunities and facilities are afforded to the government support the poor, prevent from social isolation and criminal ...
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Realization of social justice is one of the obligations of states. The government promises to citizenships to realize it. Reduction of inequality, income inequality and creation of equal opportunities and facilities are afforded to the government support the poor, prevent from social isolation and criminal behaviors. Nowadays, we are seeing that many of the politicians neither proceed in eradication of poverty and elimination of illegal discrimination nor recognition of fundamental human rights. They assume underclass and the poor as threatening of political and social order. Politicization of crime and social ills, dominance of conservative thoughts on political system and hegemony of neoliberal thoughts on economic system, new right criminology and new penology are reasons that create contexts of criminal intervention in the area of poverty and justify the punitive decision-making to the poor. Consequently, in present era the War on Poverty Policy has transformed to the War on the Poor Policy.
Abstract
Public protection has become a key theme of much recent criminal justice legislation and policy aimed at the effective management of high-risk offenders. Harm reduction policy during more than three decades in the world to reduce the risk of abnormal behavior.Harm reduction is a health-centered approach ...
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Public protection has become a key theme of much recent criminal justice legislation and policy aimed at the effective management of high-risk offenders. Harm reduction policy during more than three decades in the world to reduce the risk of abnormal behavior.Harm reduction is a health-centered approach that seeks to reduce the health and social harms associated with drug use, without necessarily requiring that users abstain. Harm reduction is a non-judgmental response that meets users “where they are” with regard to their substance use rather than imposing a moralistic judgment on their behaviors. As such, the approach includes a broad continuum of responses, from those that promote safer substance use, to those that promote abstinence.This article by descriptive-analytical method, the first describe implementation of harm reduction policy according to successful policies ofPortugal and Canada.The secondthis research comparisonharm reduction policy between Iran and those two government.Thispaperproposes"bill ofdecriminalizing fromdrug lawandtreatment ofdrug abuse," andits amended should be put on the agenda. Firstly, policy-makers should decriminalization touseofsomelow-riskdrugs because relevant authorities canwithaction freedomto implementharm reductionpolicy, and secondly, the behavior ofalldrug users should be diversion toaccess todrug user. Thirdly,age of drug users descend thuspolicy-makers should be consideryouthinharm reduction programs.
Sepide Mirmajidi; Mohammad Jafar Habibzadeh; Mohammad Farajiha; Jalil Omidi
Abstract
According to social constructionism, crime is a social phenomenon that has not necessarily independent objective existence outside the human mind and what counts as crime varies depending on who is defining it. Therefore, in relations among people, we face with construction of ‘social reality of ...
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According to social constructionism, crime is a social phenomenon that has not necessarily independent objective existence outside the human mind and what counts as crime varies depending on who is defining it. Therefore, in relations among people, we face with construction of ‘social reality of crime’. By adopting a moderate view of social constructionism and using social reality of crime theory, this article discusses on the fact of criminalization process in Iran. This theory (social reality of crime) believes that formulation and application of criminal law, development of behavior patterns in relation to criminal definitions and construction of criminal conception are products of shareholders’ action that seek to ensure their domination and interests by affecting the criminal process. The study of proceedings of committees, public sessions of parliament, official discourse of criminal policy actors and comments of religious entrepreneurs shows that at least in some areas of criminalization in Iran, social constructionism theory has dominated criminalization process and mentality of its actors.
